1. Which of the following hormones is not secreted by the anterior pituitary?
a) Growth hormone
b) Thyroid stimulating hormone
c) Oxytocin
d) Prolactin
Answer: c) Oxytocin
Oxytocin is secreted by posterior pituitary (actually produced by hypothalamus & stored in posterior lobe).
2. Hypersecretion of growth hormone in adults causes:
a) Gigantism
b) Dwarfism
c) Acromegaly
d) Cretinism
Answer: c) Acromegaly
In adults, GH hypersecretion leads to thickening of bones, not increase in height.
3. Iodine is essential for the synthesis of:
a) Insulin
b) Thyroxine
c) Growth hormone
d) Cortisol
Answer: b) Thyroxine
Thyroid hormones (T₃, T₄) require iodine.
4. Cretinism is due to:
a) Hypothyroidism in children
b) Hyperthyroidism in adults
c) Hypothyroidism in adults
d) Hypersecretion of GH
Answer: a) Hypothyroidism in children
Leads to stunted growth, mental retardation, delayed milestones.
5. Parathyroid hormone (PTH):
a) Lowers blood calcium level
b) Increases blood calcium level
c) Regulates Na⁺ concentration
d) Inhibits bone resorption
Answer: b) Increases blood calcium level
PTH ↑ blood Ca²⁺ by stimulating bone resorption, increasing renal reabsorption & activating Vitamin D.
6. Insulin lowers blood glucose by:
a) Promoting glycogenolysis
b) Promoting gluconeogenesis
c) Promoting glucose uptake & glycogenesis
d) Promoting protein breakdown
Answer: c) Promoting glucose uptake & glycogenesis
Insulin helps cells absorb glucose, converting it to glycogen in liver & muscles.
7. Deficiency of insulin causes:
a) Diabetes insipidus
b) Diabetes mellitus
c) Gigantism
d) Acromegaly
Answer: b) Diabetes mellitus
Characterised by hyperglycaemia, glycosuria, frequent urination, excessive thirst.
8. Mineralocorticoids (e.g., aldosterone) act on:
a) Liver
b) Kidney tubules
c) Lungs
d) Stomach
Answer: b) Kidney tubules
They regulate Na⁺ and K⁺ balance, increase Na⁺ reabsorption & K⁺ excretion.
9. Which of the following hormones prepares the body for emergency situations?
a) Cortisol
b) Thyroxine
c) Insulin
d) Adrenaline
Answer: d) Adrenaline
Adrenaline (epinephrine) is the “fight or flight” hormone — ↑ heart rate, ↑ BP, ↑ glucose levels.
10. Which hormone is secreted by the corpus luteum?
a) Oestrogen
b) Progesterone
c) FSH
d) LH
Answer: b) Progesterone
Prepares endometrium for implantation & maintains pregnancy.
11. Testosterone is secreted by:
a) Leydig cells
b) Sertoli cells
c) Seminiferous tubules
d) Epididymis
Answer: a) Leydig cells
Located in interstitial tissue of testes.
12. Which hormone is not secreted by humans?
a) Relaxin
b) Prolactin
c) Ecdysone
d) Progesterone
Answer: c) Ecdysone
Ecdysone is a moulting hormone in insects.
13. ANF (Atrial Natriuretic Factor) is produced by:
a) Liver
b) Kidney
c) Heart
d) Brain
Answer: c) Heart
Secreted by atrial walls; ↓ blood pressure by increasing Na⁺ excretion.
14. Which hormone stimulates uterine contraction during parturition?
a) Progesterone
b) Oxytocin
c) LH
d) Relaxin
Answer: b) Oxytocin
Released by posterior pituitary; also helps in milk ejection during lactation.
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