MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS FOR NEET EXAM FROM BIOLOGY CBSE

 

1. Which of the following hormones is not secreted by the anterior pituitary?

a) Growth hormone
b) Thyroid stimulating hormone
c) Oxytocin
d) Prolactin

Answer: c) Oxytocin

Oxytocin is secreted by posterior pituitary (actually produced by hypothalamus & stored in posterior lobe).

2. Hypersecretion of growth hormone in adults causes:

a) Gigantism
b) Dwarfism
c) Acromegaly
d) Cretinism

Answer: c) Acromegaly

In adults, GH hypersecretion leads to thickening of bones, not increase in height.

3. Iodine is essential for the synthesis of:

a) Insulin
b) Thyroxine
c) Growth hormone
d) Cortisol

Answer: b) Thyroxine

Thyroid hormones (T₃, T₄) require iodine.

4. Cretinism is due to:

a) Hypothyroidism in children
b) Hyperthyroidism in adults
c) Hypothyroidism in adults
d) Hypersecretion of GH

Answer: a) Hypothyroidism in children

Leads to stunted growth, mental retardation, delayed milestones.

5. Parathyroid hormone (PTH):

a) Lowers blood calcium level
b) Increases blood calcium level
c) Regulates Na⁺ concentration
d) Inhibits bone resorption

Answer: b) Increases blood calcium level

PTH ↑ blood Ca²⁺ by stimulating bone resorption, increasing renal reabsorption & activating Vitamin D.

6. Insulin lowers blood glucose by:

a) Promoting glycogenolysis
b) Promoting gluconeogenesis
c) Promoting glucose uptake & glycogenesis
d) Promoting protein breakdown

Answer: c) Promoting glucose uptake & glycogenesis

Insulin helps cells absorb glucose, converting it to glycogen in liver & muscles.

7. Deficiency of insulin causes:

a) Diabetes insipidus
b) Diabetes mellitus
c) Gigantism
d) Acromegaly

Answer: b) Diabetes mellitus

Characterised by hyperglycaemia, glycosuria, frequent urination, excessive thirst.

8. Mineralocorticoids (e.g., aldosterone) act on:

a) Liver
b) Kidney tubules
c) Lungs
d) Stomach

Answer: b) Kidney tubules
They regulate Na⁺ and K⁺ balance, increase Na⁺ reabsorption & K⁺ excretion.

9. Which of the following hormones prepares the body for emergency situations?

a) Cortisol
b) Thyroxine
c) Insulin
d) Adrenaline

Answer: d) Adrenaline
Adrenaline (epinephrine) is the “fight or flight” hormone — ↑ heart rate, ↑ BP, ↑ glucose levels.

10. Which hormone is secreted by the corpus luteum?

a) Oestrogen
b) Progesterone
c) FSH
d) LH

Answer: b) Progesterone
Prepares endometrium for implantation & maintains pregnancy.

11. Testosterone is secreted by:

a) Leydig cells
b) Sertoli cells
c) Seminiferous tubules
d) Epididymis

Answer: a) Leydig cells
Located in interstitial tissue of testes.

12. Which hormone is not secreted by humans?

a) Relaxin
b) Prolactin
c) Ecdysone
d) Progesterone

Answer: c) Ecdysone
Ecdysone is a moulting hormone in insects.

13. ANF (Atrial Natriuretic Factor) is produced by:

a) Liver
b) Kidney
c) Heart
d) Brain

Answer: c) Heart
Secreted by atrial walls; ↓ blood pressure by increasing Na⁺ excretion.

14. Which hormone stimulates uterine contraction during parturition?

a) Progesterone
b) Oxytocin
c) LH
d) Relaxin

Answer: b) Oxytocin
Released by posterior pituitary; also helps in milk ejection during lactation.