SOURCES OF ENERGY CBSE XTH

 

1. Source of Energy

A good source of energy should:

• Produce large amount of energy per unit mass

• Be easily available

• Be easy to store and transport

• Cause minimum pollution

2. Renewable and Non-Renewable Sources

(A) Renewable Sources of Energy

• Can be replenished naturally

• Do not get exhausted easily

• Environment-friendly

Examples: Solar energy, wind energy, water (hydel), biomass

SOLAR ENERGY

                                           

WIND ENERGY

Advantages:

• Inexhaustible

• Less pollution

• Sustainable

Disadvantages:

• High initial cost

• Depends on natural conditions

(B) Non-Renewable Sources of Energy

• Available in limited quantity

• Take millions of years to form

• Get exhausted after use

Examples: Coal, petroleum, natural gas

Advantages:

• High energy output

• Easy to use

Disadvantages:

• Cause air pollution

• Limited resources

• Lead to global warming

3. Thermal Energy

Thermal Power Plant

• Uses coal, petroleum or natural gas

• Heat energy is converted into electrical energy

Working:
Fuel → Heat → Steam → Turbine → Electricity

Advantages:

• Produces large amount of electricity

• Technology is well developed

Disadvantages:

• Causes air pollution

• Uses non-renewable fuels

4. Solar Energy

• Energy obtained from the Sun

• Converted into electricity using solar cells

Uses:

• Solar cooker

• Solar heater

• Solar panels

Advantages:

• Renewable and non-polluting

• Free source of energy

Disadvantages:

• Expensive installation

• Not available at night or cloudy days

5. Wind Energy

• Energy obtained from moving air

• Wind turns turbines to generate electricity

Conditions required:

• Strong and steady winds

• Open areas like coastal regions

Advantages:

• Renewable

• No pollution

Disadvantages:

• Large area required

• Not available everywhere