NEET EXAM SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS BIOLOGY CBSE

A. Cell Biology & Biomolecules

1. Which organelle is known as the “powerhouse of the cell”?

Ans: Mitochondria

2. Ribosomes are sites of ________.

Ans: Protein synthesis

3. Which bond is found between amino acids in a protein?

Ans: Peptide bond

4. Cell wall of fungi is made up of ________.

Ans: Chitin

5. The functional unit of the kidney is ________.

Ans: Nephron

B. Plant Physiology

1.The process of loss of water in vapour form from leaves is called ________.

Ans: Transpiration

2. Which element is essential for nitrogen fixation?

Ans: Molybdenum

3.The first stable product of C3 cycle is ________.

Ans: 3-phosphoglyceric acid (3-PGA)

4. Which plant hormone is responsible for cell elongation?

Ans: Auxin (IAA)

5. Opening and closing of stomata is controlled by ________.

Ans: Turgor pressure of guard cells

C. Human Physiology

1. Which part of the nephron is responsible for selective reabsorption?

Ans: Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)

2. The respiratory pigment in human blood is ________.

Ans: Haemoglobin

3. Which enzyme is present in saliva?

Ans: Salivary amylase (ptyalin)

4. Which part of the brain controls involuntary actions like heartbeat and respiration?

Ans: Medulla oblongata

5. Bile is secreted by ________ and stored in ________.

Ans: Liver, Gall bladder

D. Reproduction & Genetics

1. The functional unit of heredity is ________.

Ans: Gene

2. Which law of Mendel explains the separation of alleles?

Ans: Law of Segregation

3. In human males, the number of autosomes is ________.

Ans: 44

4. Ovulation in human females is induced by which hormone?

Ans: LH (Luteinizing Hormone)

5. Down’s syndrome is caused by ________.

Ans: Trisomy of chromosome 21

E. Ecology & Evolution

1. The pyramid of energy is always ________.

Ans: Upright

2. The term “Biodiversity Hotspot” was coined by ________.

Ans: Norman Myers

3. The most stable ecosystem is ________.

Ans: Ocean

4. The father of evolution is ________.

Ans: Charles Darwin

5. Which gas is mainly responsible for global warming?

Ans: Carbon dioxide (CO₂)